7.2 不定式作补语 |
1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do) advise,allow,appoint,believe,cause,challenge,command,compel,consider,declare,drive,enable,encourage,find,forbid,force,guess,hire,imagine,impel,induce,inform,instructinvite,judge,know,like,order,permit,persuade,remind,report,request,require,select,send,state,suppose,tell,think,train,trust,understand,urge,warn 例句: a.Father will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 b.We believe him to be guilty.我们相信他是有罪的。 Find 的特殊用法:Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get,have。 I found him lying on the ground. I found it important to learn. I found that to learn English is important. 典型例题: The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead. A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying 答案:A.find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。 2)to+be的不定式结构,作补语的动词。 Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discover,fancy(设想),feel,find,guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解),show,suppose,take(以为),understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。 典型例题 Charles Babbage is generally considered___ the first computer. A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented 答案:A.由consider to do sth.排除B、D。.此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C。 3)to be+形容词 Seem,appear,be said,be supposed,be believed,be thought,be known,be reported,hope,wish,desire,want,plan,expect,mean The book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这本书没什么意思。 4)there be+不定式 believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstand We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。 注意:有些动词需用as短语做补语,如regard,think believe,take,consider. We regard Tom as our best teacher.我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。 Mary took him as her father .玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。 |